CVE-2025-38502

High

Description

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: bpf: Fix oob access in cgroup local storage Lonial reported that an out-of-bounds access in cgroup local storage can be crafted via tail calls. Given two programs each utilizing a cgroup local storage with a different value size, and one program doing a tail call into the other. The verifier will validate each of the indivial programs just fine. However, in the runtime context the bpf_cg_run_ctx holds an bpf_prog_array_item which contains the BPF program as well as any cgroup local storage flavor the program uses. Helpers such as bpf_get_local_storage() pick this up from the runtime context: ctx = container_of(current->bpf_ctx, struct bpf_cg_run_ctx, run_ctx); storage = ctx->prog_item->cgroup_storage[stype]; if (stype == BPF_CGROUP_STORAGE_SHARED) ptr = &READ_ONCE(storage->buf)->data[0]; else ptr = this_cpu_ptr(storage->percpu_buf); For the second program which was called from the originally attached one, this means bpf_get_local_storage() will pick up the former program's map, not its own. With mismatching sizes, this can result in an unintended out-of-bounds access. To fix this issue, we need to extend bpf_map_owner with an array of storage_cookie[] to match on i) the exact maps from the original program if the second program was using bpf_get_local_storage(), or ii) allow the tail call combination if the second program was not using any of the cgroup local storage maps.

SeverityHigh
CVSS7.8
Exploit probability—
ProductLinux Kernel
PublishedAug 16, 2025
First seenAug 16, 2025

How to fix

Update
  • linux linux_kernel5.15.192, 6.1.151, 6.6.105, 6.12.46, 6.16.1 or later
  • siemens simatic_cn_4100_firmware5.0 or later

Affected products

ProductAffected versionsFixed in
linux linux_kernel5.9 ≤ v < 5.15.192, 5.16 ≤ v < 6.1.151, 6.2 ≤ v < 6.6.105, 6.7 ≤ v < 6.12.46, 6.13 ≤ v < 6.16.15.15.192, 6.1.151, 6.6.105, 6.12.46, 6.16.1
debian debian_linux11.0—
siemens simatic_cn_4100_firmwarev < 5.05.0

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